Self-righting and self-bailing boat.



E. L. MQ SIVARD. SELF RIGHTING AND SELF BAILING BOAT.

APPLICATION FILED DBO, 28,1903. 1,059,045 Patented Jan/Z1913,

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E. L. M. SIVARD. SELF RIGHTING AND SELF BAILING BOAT, APPLICATION FILED DEC. 28, 190B.

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WITNESSES kg L ron ATTORNEY E. L. M. SIVARD. SELF RIGHTING AND SELF BAILING BOAT.

APPLICATION FILED DEC. 28, 1908.

1,056,045, Patented Jan. 7, 1913.

5 SHBETSSHEBT 3.

$274 aft-321101;

E. L. M. SIVARD.

SELF RIGHTING AND SELF BAILING BOAT.

APPLICATION FILED DBO. 28, 1908 l,@50,O459 Patented Jan.7,1913.

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ATTORNEY E. L. M. SIVARD. SELF RIGHTING AND SELF BAILING BOAT. APPLICATION FIFLED DEG 28,190B. j g5g g4l5 1 Patented Jan. 7, 1913.

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yvrvmsm ITO/Ml E Y less number of these chambers EINAR L. M. SIVARD, 01E BROOKLYN, NEXV. Y

011K, ASSIGNOR, BY mnsivn Assrsurannrs,

TO ASTOR TRUST COMPANY, TRUSTEE, A CURIORA'IIQN OF NEW YORK.

SELF-RIGHTING AND SELF-BAILING BOAT.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented an. a, rare.

Application filed December 28,1908. Serial No. 469,677.

To all whom, it may concern Be it known that I, EINAR L. M. SIVARD, a subject of the King of Sweden, and residing in the borough of Brooklyn, county of Kings, and State of New York, have invented certain new" and useful Improvements in Selt-Righting and Self-Bailing Boats. of which the following is a full, clear, and exact description.

My invention relates to improvements in self-righting and self-bailing boats, and is especially adapted for lifeboats and vessels of comparatively small size, which for various reasons are compelled to go through rough water.

in the accompanying drawings, in which similar reference characters designate corresponding parts, Figure l is a side view partially broken away of a boat embodying the preferred form of my invention; Fig. 2 is a cross-section of the sa ine; Figs. 3, t and 5 are details of the automatic filling valve mechanism shown in Fig. 2; Figs. (5 and 7 are details of an air valve to be used in conjunction with said automatic filling valve; Fig. 8 is detail view of the auto matic bailing devices shown in Fig. 2 with a latch applied to the gate; Fig. 9 is a section on the line 99 of Fig. 8. Figs. 2" and 3 are crossscctions ot a boat embodying a modification oi the valve mechanism; and Figs. at and 5 are details of the valve and accompanying mechanism shown in Figs. 2 and 3 Referring now to the preferred form illustrated in these drawings, A designates the boat, preferably constructed of metal, and provided, as shown, with a series of chambers 13 and I3", Depending upon the size of the boat and the circumstances under which it is used, either all or a greater or B will be air chambers, which will prevent the boat from sinking, and together with the upper air chambers l3, B will insure the boat returning to its normal upright position even after it has been capsized. I

C designates a deck ol any suitable construction extending between the air chanr bers B, B and above chambers B. This deck is also preferably made of sheet metal and is provided with ordinary longitudinally extending strips or slats of wood or other material separated from each other.

The chambers B are preferably located below the deck and extend longitudinally the entire length of the boat. The chanr bers B: are preferably located one at each end of the boat and above chambers Band the deck of the boat. The chambers B are separated from each other b trans erse partitions 6, preferably of stitl metal, suitably secured at their top and bottom edges to the deck and tothe bottom of the boat, and at one side edge to a centrally arranged tank hereinafter described, and at the other side edge to the side of the boat.

Referring now to Figs. 2, 2 and 3 designates a tank, having a shape triangular in cross-section, arranged over the middle of the boat, and intermediate the two series erchambers B arranged on each side of the vessel and also intermediate the deck and bottom of the boat. As shown, the tank or tanks F is or are separated from the chambers B, B by longitudinal partitions W, which should also preferably eX- tend the entire distance between the tanks B, B and which may be carried still an ther or to. the very ends of the boat. These partitions, arranged in an oppositely inclined position, Vi" also act as braces and in conjunction with the transverse partition between air chambers B, B Will give very greatly increased strength to the entire structure. They may be made of any suitable material, but prefierably will be made of still metal. This tank F may be continuous, but preferably will be split up into several independen" tanks by suitable partitions. lnthis tank I propose to carry water or other suitable liquid which will act asballast or cargo, and by reason of the shape of the tank or tanks within which it is confined, will also act as an additional. self-righting agency. W here I use one continuous tank. I may till it ith fresh water which will serve for drinking purposes also, or I may fill it with salt Water or another lluid either for ballasting and self-righting purposes only, or, for example, with oil either as cargo or for any other purpose. vl hcre I split the tank F up into two or three tanks (which I prefer) I may carry fresh water in one and salt water in the others. For example, if I have three tanks I can carry any liquid for ballasting or sel righting purposes in the .fore andait tanks,

ill

ill

a 1d. drinking water in the center tank.

:uitable means for filling and emptytnese tanks may be employed.

the valve construction. illustrated in hanged in the bottom of each tanksurrounded by a valve seat G and closed by a valve ll. J designates a flange on the valve seat surrounding the opening and engaging, when the valve is closed, packing K arranged in an annular groove surrounding the valve ll. As shown a rod 71/ is secured in any suitable manner at its lower end to the center of the valve Ill and slides up and down Within a suitable opening provided therefor in a suitable support, such as a casting ll rigidly secured to the bottom of the tank. Such rod sci-yes as a guide for the valve H and permits it to open and close auton'iatically according to the amount of pressure upon its outer or inner faces. Thus, when the boat is lowered into the Water, the pressure on the outer face of the valve will cause it to open and admit water into the tank. llhei'i, however, there is more pres sure on the inside than on the outside of the valve, or Whenever the Water has a tendency to escape from the tank, the )ressurefrom the inside and the suction oi the escaping 1 ;er will cause the valve to close and keep the. vvatcr in. Connected to the upper end of rod is a rope or other flexible connection ll which passes up through the deck of the boat and is provided with a suitable handle ll to permit the valveto be lifted off its seat i hen it is desired to let the Water out of the tank or tanks during the operation of lifting the boat out of the water. In such event, the valve may be held in open position by any suitable means, such as by placing the rope it between cleats w suitably lo cated adjacentthereto. As shown, (Fig. the rope it passes up through a bore it formed in the center of screw X. This screw X suitably supported in the top of the tank and adapted to engage avalve rod rpositively close the valve, when for any ss -exjperienced in opening it to let the water out, the screw X may also be used positively to lift, the valve. To accomplish this it is only necessary to the rope to the cleats as aforesaid and turn the screw upwardly. Also arranged in the top oi the tank F at any suitable point and communicating with the atmosphere is an air-escape opening con-.1

trolled by a valve of any suitable construclion adapted to permit the egress of air mg the automatic jtllling of the tanks and 4, .l. have shown an opening the carrying of fresh Water,

rea ers With salt water; to permit the filling ol the tanks directly, if it is desired to carry fresh Water, oil or other suitable cargo, and preferably so arranged that when the boat is in its normal position the valve will be entirely open, but so soon as the boat capsizes or tilts far enough in either direction so that Water or other liquid has a tendency to escape from the tank through such valve, it will close. Of course, the end of the opening comuumicating with the deck may be closed by a plate, lid or other suitable closure of any ordinary kind, if desired.

When it is desired for any reason to clean out the tank or tanks the cleansing fluid may be injected through the opening in the top of the tank and allowed to flow out 'ard through the valve in the bottom thereof which will be opened for that purpose, or vice versa.

As illustrated in Figs. 2, 6 and 'l, a cylindrical tube V, open at both ends, leads from the deck to the tank l? and secured in the top of the tank by means o1 laterally (51F tending flanges 42, o. One of such securing flanges 9) extends downwardly below the lower end of the tube V and a si'inging valve 4; is pivoted thereto. Said valve o has a rearward projection o forked to receive the downvvardly-projecting portion of said flange. The web oi": the forked portion abuts against the lower end ot the flange and limits the rearward swinging of the valve, so as to retain the same in a normally vertical position directly beneath the valve o g'iei'iing.

When the automatic filling,- and air-e apc valves just described are in their normal positions, they will cooperate with each other under all conditions to admit water to the tank or tanks and to prevent the escape thereof. In Figs. 2, 3, 4* and 5 l have shown modified forms of the automatic filling and air-escape valves. in these figures, 1 have shown an opening arranged in the botton'l of each tank surrouiulcd by a valve seat G and closed by a valve ll. J 4f) designates a flange on the valve sea surrounding the opening-and engaging, When the valve is closed, packing 7': arranged in an annular groove surrounding valve H. As shown, a stud l. is secured to the top of each valve, to which pivoted at 1 one end of a link M, the other end of which is pivoted at m to a casting N rigidly secured to the bottom of the tank. P designates a valve rod passing through a bore 97. arranged in the casting N, which bore is interiorly screw threaded. That portion of the valve rod P which passes through the bore 91, is exteriorly screw threaded to engage and coact with the threading on the interior of the bore. 79 and p designate two universal joints in the rod P which projects upwardgthrough the tank and out through the water may have cal valve chamber.

hc automatic filling device, by

lmvcring the boat in the water.

an opening in the top thereof and through the deck. At its upper end it is provided with. a handle, wheel, or other suitable device to enable it to be easily rotated Suitable packing will be arrangedaround the upper part of the rod P where it passes through the opcning in the tank. The valve rod 1 may have its lower end entirely disconnected from the valve andprovided with a head p. On the other hand, the lower end of the valve rod may be connected at-the point p to a In at Z in any suitable manner. Where thetan s are being merely used for salt water, it will be preferable to have the valve rod disconnected. By doing this, the valve rod can be screwed up to its raised position away from, the valve, and the weight of the valve apd the weight of the water inside will prevent any water flowing out' when the boat tilts, but will allow water to come in. This also permits the automatic filling of the tank by merely lowering the boat. Under some circumstances, it may be more desirable to connect the rod to the valve so as to enable the same to be opened by the valve rod from inside the boat. Arranged in the top of the tank F is a separate opening R leading into a valve chamber S, This valve chamber will preferably be made of metal having in its upper portion a series of apertures 8 and carrying in its lower portion a ball T of such diameter as to fit snugly within the cylindri- When the boat is in its upright position the ball will be in the bottom of the valve chamber and the openings s uncovered. Should the boat capsize, or tilt far enough in either direction to permit of the egress of water from the tank the ball will slide upward in the valve chamber and close the openings .9, thus preventing any water getting out-of the tank or tanks F. It will also be understood that these opi'rnings s will always permit the escape of air when the tank is being filled through merely lVhen the down rod P is isconnected and raised out of engagement with the valve, the valves H and S ill.work together under all conditions. While the boat is being lowered in the water, and the tanks being filled, the upper valve will be wide open to permit the escape of air and the lower valve will be open to permit water to rush in. Whenever either during the filling action or after the completion thereof the boat tilts sufliciently far or assumes such a position that the water in the tank has any tendency to escape from the lower valve, that valve will close automatically, keeping in the water, and if the boat tilts sutlicientlyrfar so'that any tendency to escape through the upper valve, that will likewise close, thus preventing the escape of either water or further air. Owing to the peculiar shape of the tank or tanks Ii, the filling may be accomplished, even in rough water, without endangering the stability of the boat. 'In fact, the motion of the boat in rough water will, when the automatic filling device is used, assist in filling the tank to its full capacity. It will be obvious that, owing I to such peculiar shape, the higher the water in the tank, the greater will be the ,of the boat.

stability D designates one or more, but preferably a series, of automatic bailing devices arranged on each side of the boat. As shown, each of these devices comprises an opening having its lower edge cl substantially flush with'the deck C to permit of any water which has accumulated on the deck flowing outboard through these opci'iings on which ever side the boat may tilt. To prevent the waves from coming in through these openings an automatic closure of any suitable form may be used. In the preferred form illustrated in my drawings I accomplish this by carrying the upper wall (Z of the opening D inward and securing at its inner edge a pivoted or swinging gate or valve E. It the boat were always to retain the absolutely level position shown in Fig. 2, this inward extension (5 would not be necessary. As shown in Fig. 3, however, whenever the boat list-s heavily to one side, it is essential that the gate E be pivoted at a point sufficicntly far within the hull to keep the gate closed unless forced open and outward by the outward flow of water from the deck. Of course, if the boat tilts so far as to submerge a port-ion or the whole of such gate, the pressure of the water outside the boat will of itself keep the gate closed unless the pressure of the wa ter inside is greater than that-of the outside, when it will open to permit water to run out. In other words, in constructing a boatin accordance with my invention it. will be so made that the closures for the openings shall always remain closed, exceptingwhen opened to let .out u-atenwhich is inside the boat. Under some conditions it may de' desirable to retain the gates if] in permanently closed po sition, and for this purpose, I have provided each gate with a latch e which, duringthe ordinary operation of the lifeboat, willre main in open position.

Assuming the tank or tanks 1 to be full, the operation of my invention is as follows: If the boat capsizes, the.air-escape valve will close the air-escape opening and the combined action of the air chambers B, the

upper air chambers B, and the water ballast 5 1n tank'or tanks F, will result in the boat righting itself and returning to a normal upriglp position. At thesame time any water which has accumulated on the deck of the boat will be spilled outward through the self-bailing appliances D; Fm'thwmere, any undue tilting: of the beat Wi he hegeiy overeemeby theiactien efthe tanker tanks F carrying fiuie'. 'Mereover, if it is desired to raise the em out of the Water it can be lightened metei'ielly by merely openingthe valves H, thus letting the Water in the tanks F run out as the boat is raieed.

1?. claim:

In a self ig'hting boat, the combination with nirdight compartments on each side thereof, of a kmgitudinaHy-extending tank having sides inclining from the bottom 0f the bout toward the cenier line of the deck 50 as to form a tank substantially iriengulm: in cross-section. a valve in the bottom of #:he

tank edapcefl to open autemetically to ad mii water thereto and teclose to keep the water in, and an independent air-escape valve nan-many retained in epen position to permit the escape of air during the filling of the tank and adapted to close to retain Weter' Within the tank when the boat is cepsizecL In Witness whereof, 1 have signed my name he the feregeing specification in the presence of two subscribing Witnesses.

EINAR L. M. SIVALB;

Witnesses ANNA S. ERQMB RG, P FRANK SONNEK. 

